Two Learning Styles for Learning Paired Associates

The alternative hypothesis, which would be the H1, is participants will recall significantly more paired associates from visual stimulus presentations than from auditory stimulus presentations. The null hypothesis, which is Ho, is participants will recall paired associates at not significantly different levels when visual and auditory presentations are compared. Method Sample Number of participants is at 22 but we had to reduce to eighteen data sets because participants were not here both days of the experiment. The age range is from nineteen to fifty-four, were the mean age is twenty-eight point five with a modal age at twenty-three. We had four males and fourteen females that participated. The ethnicity of the participants was nine, white/Caucasian, seven African Americans, and two Hispanic Americans. All participants in this study are in college. In the study there was two parts. Part one was a visual status where the visual acuity experimental materials is reported as normal. The second part was an auditory status where the auditory acuity for experimental materials is reported as normal. Materials The materials needed for this experiment, if you were a participant, are white paper and either a pen or pencil to write down what the participant thought the paired associate was. What the researcher needs is to have a paper with the paired associates written on it, to be able to read off of to the participants the paired associates he or she came up with for the auditoryShow MoreRelatedVerbal Learning1387 Words   |  6 PagesVerbal Learning Verbal Learning Verbal learning regard a series of processes that support learning thorough memorization. The construct of verbal learning involves learning and memory of data through repetition that is recalled in the forthcoming. Through the process of repetition one can learn serial, paired-associate, or free recall learning. Each process assists to reproduce data either freely learned or learned through arrangement of methods like Mnemonics. These processes valuableRead MoreAnalyzing The Basic Functioning Of A Neuron Beginning With Receiving Signals From Other Neurons Or Sense Organs1361 Words   |  6 Pagesbecame hotter. Name and describe the process of learning that took place. Be sure to use the correct terminology associated with all of the components involved in the process. For example, originally the sound of the toilet flushing was a (an)____________ and it later became a (an) __________ because of the process of learning. This is an illustration of classical conditioning. It is a learning style in which a neutral stimulus is paired with a potent stimulus, which causes the neutralRead MoreI Am A Conceptual Learner981 Words   |  4 Pagesthat no two persons are alike. Even identical twin are not alike because every single person learns, obtains, and processes information differently. All the variable and factors that contribute to learning makes it impossible for two people to have identical learning processes and levels. It is okay that people learn differently and it is okay that I may be a conceptual learner while my husband is a procedural learner because knowing that every single person has their own way of learning and knowRead MoreTheories And Research Studies Into Attachment1227 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween infant and caregiver may have influence throughout their lives. Two important learning theories of behaviourist perspective are classical conditioning (Ivan Pavlov 1849-1936) experiments with dogs and operant conditioning (Thorndike’s and B.F Skinner). Classical conditioning is learning that occurs trough association can be defined as a type of learning in which a conditioned stimulus (sound of a bell, Pavlov) is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (food) to evoke a response. In the earlyRead MoreLearning : A Whole New World Of Opportunities Up1251 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Anyone who stops learning is old, whether at twenty or eighty. Anyone who keeps learning stays young,† Henry Ford famously said. Within this quote he exemplifies the importance of learning and implies how people tend to lose the drive in their later years. It is extremely important that people continue growing and evolving in their education throughout their life. To be educated opens a whole new world of opportunities up. An education does not mean only going to school, taking tedious notesRead MoreHow The Cell Affects The Brain Of The Nervous System1193 Words   |  5 Pageswater became hotter. Name and describe the process of learning that to ok place. Be sure to use the correct terminology associated with all of the components involved in the process. 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This famous quote by John Watson sums up behaviorism: â€Å"Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified worldRead MoreAbercrombie and Fitch Brand Marketing Essay1088 Words   |  5 Pagessexuality in its advertising is not the real question; rather, it is whether or not it is ethical for Abercrombie to use classical conditioning to program society in a manner that forces consumers to associate uncontrolled desires with a basic brand of clothing. This company has successfully associated two things which are the antithesis of one another: clothing and nudity. Abercrombie and Fitch maintains its outstanding competitive advantage with its unparalleled marketing tactics. No firmRead MoreBasic Concepts Of Calorie Control851 Words   |  4 Pagesand nutrition, it would be most beneficial to cover the three topics of; Calorie control, How to read and understand a nutrition label, and lastly dietary choices are the third most influential life-style habit for health. The single most important aspect of living a healthier lifestyle would be learning to control calories. If trying to influences ones health habits this would be the single most important concept for them to take away. Calorie balance accounts for sixty percent of having a healthyRead MoreEssay about Definitions of Learning Styles1858 Words   |  8 PagesDefinitions of Learning Styles Although learning style may be simply defined as the way people come to understand and remember information, the literature is filled with more complex variations on this theme. James and Gardner (1995), for example, define learning style as the complex manner in which, and conditions under which, learners most efficiently and most effectively perceive, process, store, and recall what they are attempting to learn (p. 20). Merriam and Caffarella (1991) present

The Civil Military Dialogue Is The Most Critical Component...

Arguably, civil-military dialogue is the most critical component of strategic art as it serves to build trust and create shared understanding. High levels of trust and understanding facilitate the matching of strategy to policy while forming the guiding logic that underpins the chosen theory of victory. Furthermore, candid and continuous dialogue facilitates reassessment and redirection when prewar plans fail to meet wartime realities. Without candid and iterative discourse, the result is nothing less than friction on one hand, and the unanticipated consequences of ill-conceived objectives on the other. Indeed, limited war is difficult, and as such, it places a heavy strain on civil-military relations. The root cause of this friction, centers on the military’s preference for overwhelming victories and a professional education that is less than adequate to negotiate the demands of the strategic environment. The discussion begins with a theoretical underpinning of civil-military relations in limited war before turning to the root causes of friction, and the ways to best manage them. Carl von Clausewitz counsels that â€Å"The first, the supreme, the most far-reaching act of judgement that the statesman and commander have to make is to establish by that test the kind of war on which they are embarking; neither mistaking it for, nor trying to turn it into, something that is alien to its nature.† The â€Å"test,† which Clausewitz refers, focuses on the relationship between the politicalShow MoreRelatedEssay about Profession of Arms11066 Words   |  45 PagesThe preeminent military task, and what separates [the military profession] from all other occupations, is that soldiers are routinely prepared to kill†¦in addition to killing and preparing to kill, the soldier has two other principal duties†¦some soldiers die and, when they are not dying, they must be preparing to die. James H. 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The Art of Slow Reading Free Essays

The art of slow reading Patrick Kingsley If you’re reading this article in print, chances are you’ll only get through half of what I’ve written. And if you’re reading this online, you might not even finish a fifth. These are the two findings from two recent research projects, which both suggest that many of us no longer have the concentration to read articles through to their conclusion. We will write a custom essay sample on The Art of Slow Reading or any similar topic only for you Order Now The problem doesn’t just stop there: academics report that we are becoming less attentive book-readers, too. So are we getting stupider? Is that what this is about? Sort of. According to The Shallows, a new book by technology sage Nicholas Carr, our hyperactive online habits are damaging the mental faculties we need to process and understand lengthy textual information. Round-the-clock news feeds leave us hyperlinking from one article to the next – without necessarily engaging fully with any of the content; our reading is frequently interrupted by the ping of the latest email; and we are now absorbing short bursts of words on Twitter and Facebook more regularly than longer texts. Because of the internet, we have become very good at collecting a wide range of information, but we are also gradually forgetting how to sit back, contemplate, and relate all these facts to each other. Still reading? You’re probably in a dwindling minority. But no matter: a literary revolution is at hand. First we had slow food, then slow travel. Now, those campaigns are joined by a slow-reading movement – a disparate bunch of academics and intellectuals who want us to take our time while reading, and re-reading. They ask us to switch off our computers every so often and rediscover both the joy of personal engagement with printed texts, and the ability to process them fully. Lancelot Fletcher, the first present-day author to popularise the term â€Å"slow reading†, argues that slow reading is not so much about unleashing the reader’s creativity, as uncovering the author’s. And while Fletcher used the term initially as an academic tool, slow reading has since become a more wide-ranging concept. Slow reading, like slow food, is now, at root, a localist idea which can help connect a reader to his neighbourhood. Slow reading is a community event restoring connections between ideas and people. The continuity of relationships through reading is experienced when we borrow books from friends; when we read long stories to our kids until they fall asleep. But our era’s technological diarrhea is bringing more and more slow readers to the fore. Keith Thomas, the Oxford history professor, is one such reader. He doesn’t see himself as part of a wider slow community, but has nevertheless recently written about his bewilderment at the hasty reading techniques in contemporary academia. â€Å"I don’t think using a search engine to find certain key words in a text is a substitute for reading it properly,† he says. â€Å"You don’t get a proper sense of the work, or understand its context. † â€Å"The words of the writer,† suggests sage Nicholas Carr, â€Å"act as a catalyst in the mind of the reader, inspiring new insights, associations, and perceptions. And, perhaps even more significantly, it is only through slow reading that great literature can be cultivated in the future. As Carr writes, â€Å"the very existence of the attentive, critical reader provides the spur for the writer’s work. It gives the author the confidence to explore new forms of expression, to blaze difficult and demanding paths of thought, to venture into uncharted and some times hazardous territory. † The internet is probably part of the problem. It accustoms us to new ways of reading and looking and consuming. It fragments our attention span in a way that’s not ideal if you want to read. The real issue with the internet may be that it erodes, slowly, one’s sense of self, one’s capacity for the kind of pleasure in isolation that reading has, since printed books became common, been standard. What’s to be done, then? Most slow readers realise that total rejection of the web is extremely unrealistic, but many felt that temporary isolation from technology was the answer. Some people have advocated turning their computer off for one day a week. But, given the pace at which most of us live, do we even have time? Some people think the iPad might just be the answer. It’s pleasant and fun, and doesn’t remind people of work. But, for the true slow reader, there’s simply no substitute for particular aspects of the paper book: the binding of a book captures an experience or idea at a particular space and time. And even the act of storing a book is a pleasure. Personally, I’m not sure I could ever go offline for long. Even while writing this article I was flicking constantly between sites, skimming too often, absorbing too little; internet reading has become too ingrained in my daily life for me to change. I read essays and articles not in hard copy but as PDFs, and I’m more comfortable churning through lots of news features from several outlets than just a few from a single print source. I suspect that many readers are in a similar position. But if, like me, you just occasionally want to read more slowly, help is at hand. You can download a computer application called Freedom, which allows you to read in peace by cutting off your internet connection. Or if you want to remove adverts and other distractions from your screen, you could always download offline reader Instapaper for your iPhone. If you’re still reading, that is. How to cite The Art of Slow Reading, Papers

Unemployment in Europe Its Impact in the Future o Essay Example For Students

Unemployment in Europe: Its Impact in the Future o Essay f Europe Unemployment is currently one of the biggest challenges facing the European Union. The fight against unemployment is an essential question that the European Union has to encounter in the short term. Todays unemployment problem represents the most significant worry of the European Union citizen. Unemployment is the greatest disturbance of the European economy. Approximately 18 million of its people are out of work, an average unemployment rate of 10. 6%. For instance, in France and Spain, the latest rates are 12.6% and 19.9% respectively. More women are unemployed than men. Youth unemployment is twice as high as the average. Almost 6 million people have been out of work for more than two years. Employment initiatives of the EU Because of the need to pursue solutions to the unemployment alarm, the European Commission called for a special employment summit of heads of state in late November. The European Commission wants to adopt lots of targets for the next five years. Under the form of employment guidelines, it wants to increase the employment rate from 60% to 65%; create 12 million new jobs; cut the unemployment rate to 7%; raise the proportion of the unemployed who are offered training from the current EU average of 10% towards the average of the three best-performing member states -that is, above 25%; and reduce the number of people who drop out of the education system by half within a period of five years. The commission wants to switch some of the $221 billion spent every year on unemployment benefits to active labor-market policies; cutting the overhead and tax costs of employing workers; and encouraging more adaptable forms of contract. Furthermore, the Commission is calling for a reversal of the long term trend towards higher taxes and charges on labor, which have increased from 35% in 1985 to more than 42% in 1995. The commission considers the possibility of increasing the growth of part-time work, which has been responsible for all of Europes net job gains in the past six years and now accounts for 16% of the European Unions total employment. At the same time, the commission wants part-timer employees to enjoy the same security and benefits as full-time workers, a sure formula that has reduced the number of part-time jobs created. Regarding taxation, the commission recommends reducing taxes on labor, which have risen from an effective rate of 35% in 1981 to 42% today. Yet rather than just cutting the total tax burden, which Europe badly needs, it suggests offsetting such reductions with higher taxes on energy and capital that could well raise unemployment. Germanys unemployment trend compared to other EU members In 1989, the then West Germanys rate of unemployment was only 5.6 per cent. This was fractionally above the 5.2 per cent of the US. It was well below the European Unions average of 8.7 per cent, the UKs 7.2 per cent, the French 9.4 per cent, Italys 10. 9 per cent and Spains 16.9 per cent. In 1996, Germanys unemployment rate was 9 percent. This was still below Italys 12 per cent, Frances 12.4 per cent and Spains 22.2 per cent. But it contrasts unfavorably with the 5.4 per cent of the US and even with the 8.2 per cent of the UK. The German unemployment rate is recently at 11.2 per cent of the labor force. Western Germany jobless rate is 9. 5% while in eastern Germany the rate is 18.2 per cent. Because of the difficulties of German unification, Germanys job performance seems to be appropriate. However a justification, although probable, does not change the truth that the country needs more jobs, but has failed to provide them. Following unification what Germany needed was a surge in labor-absorbing growth. Rather, what has happened, has been a decline in employment in both eastern and western Germany. .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0 , .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0 .postImageUrl , .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0 , .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0:hover , .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0:visited , .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0:active { border:0!important; } .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0:active , .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0 .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2e6d3ad7ecc6142158251fe5de54d5a0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Down Syndrome Essay Blame for the eastern failure lies with the decision to translate western labor practices into east Germany. For instance, pressure for wage equalization has pushed compensation per employee to some 70 per cent of western levels. Given low productivity, unit labor costs are 30 per cent higher in eastern manufacturing than in the west, making the east the most expensive location in the world. Common recommendations As the German president, Roman Herzog, said at the European Forum in Berlin, Europe has to break out of the cycle of sluggish economic growth and high unemployment by adopting policies that encourage entrepreneurial and technological dynamism. that .